通过热力学计算,建立了298.15K时Ce和Tb氧化物酸分解过程的φ-pH图。结果表明,CeO_2与TbO_2两种氧化物均难以被酸直接分解,但在还原性条件下采用酸分解可使其转化为Ce~(3+)和Tb~(3+);与CeO2和TbO2相比,Ce_2O_3和Tb_2O_3能在较高的pH值条件下被酸直接分解成Ce~(3+)和Tb~(3+),从而实现对Ce和Tb的提取。 By thermodynamic calculation, the φ-pH diagram of the decomposition process of Ce and Tb oxides was established at 298.15K. The results showed that both CeO 2 and TbO 2 were hardly decomposed directly by acid but could be converted into Ce 3+ and Tb 3+ by acid decomposition under reductive conditions. The Ce_2O_3 and Tb_2O_3 can be directly decomposed into Ce 3+ and Tb 3+ by the acid under the condition of higher pH value, so as to realize the extraction of Ce and Tb.