以硝酸铝和铝粉为原料,采用溶胶凝胶技术制备了氧化铝长纤维。通过FTIR,EDS,TG-DSC和SEM等手段对纤维先驱体凝胶的结构组成、热分解过程及纤维形貌进行了表征。研究表明凝胶可纺性与A1/AN的摩尔比、前驱溶液的pH以及助纺剂的加入密切相关。当Al/AN的摩尔比为2,溶液pH在3.2~3.5之间得到的凝胶粘度在40~80 Pa·s时具备较好的成纤性。最后得到的烧成纤维直径10~30μm,长径比为(0.2~1)×10~4。 Aluminum nitrate and aluminum powder as raw materials, the use of sol-gel technology prepared alumina long fibers. The structure, thermal decomposition process and fiber morphology of precursor gel were characterized by FTIR, EDS, TG-DSC and SEM. Studies have shown that the gel spinnability and the A1 / AN molar ratio, the pH of the precursor solution and the help spinning agent is closely related. When the molar ratio of Al / AN is 2 and the solution viscosity is between 3.2 and 3.5, the gel viscosity is good at 40-80 Pa · s. The resulting sintered fiber has a diameter of 10 to 30 μm and an aspect ratio of (0.2 to 1) × 10 to 4.