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采集54例生后1～28天母乳喂养及12例15～28天人工喂养的新生儿大便做拟杆菌、乳杆菌、双歧杆菌、真杆菌、韦荣氏球菌五种厌氧菌与肠杆菌、肠球菌两种需氧菌培养、菌落计数的动态观察及对比分析。结果显示：（1）第一天除拟杆菌外，其它菌均可检出，检出率10％～70％不等。（2）乳杆菌、双歧杆菌及真杆菌随日龄增加而增多，肠球菌以生后5天内为高峰其后逐渐减少，其它菌群总体呈上升趋势，只在6～14天略有波动。（3）15～28天两种喂养方式的肠道菌群，虽都以双歧杆菌占优势，但人工组不及母乳组高，肠杆菌、肠球菌菌量明显高于母乳组，故与母乳喂养相比安全性较低。
54 cases of postpartum 1 to 28 days after breastfeeding and 12 cases of 15 to 28 days of neonatal stool artificial Bacteroides, Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium, eubacteria, Veillonella five kinds of anaerobic bacteria and enterobacter , Enterococcus two kinds of aerobic culture, dynamic observation of colony counts and comparative analysis. The results showed that: (1) The first day except Bacteroidetes, other bacteria can be detected, the detection rate ranging from 10% to 70%. (2) Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium and Eubacterium increased with the increase of age, enterococci peaked within 5 days after birth and then gradually decreased, the other bacteria generally showed an upward trend, fluctuating only slightly in 6 ~ 14 days . (3) The intestinal microflora of two feeding modes from 15 to 28 days were predominantly bifidobacteria, but the artificial group was not as high as the breast milk group. The quantity of enterobacteria and enterococci was significantly higher than that of the breast milk group, Fewer safer than feeding.