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目的分析严重飞行事故后官兵的心理健康状况,为积极开展心理危机干预提供理论依据。方法采用症状自评量表(SCL-90)对重大飞行事故后264名官兵进行评定,其中飞行员141名、机务人员123名,分别与中国军人常模进行比较。结果①飞行员组除躯体化、人际关系敏感和偏执分外(t=1.33,0.75,0.65;P>0.01),其他各因子均高于中国军人常模组,有显著统计学差异(t=4.48,4.57,8.84,3.57,4.41,P<0.01;t=2.04,P<0.05);②机务组除躯体化、敌对和精神病性外(t=0.97,0.41,1.64;P>0.01),其他各因子与中国军人常模组均有显著统计学差异(t=6.19,2.66,6.56,8.54,7.44,2.83;P<0.01);③直接参与救援组和未参与救援组SCL-90总分差异显著,两组间除偏执、人际关系敏感、敌对和精神病性外(t=1.89,1.65,0.95,1.43;P>0.01),其余因子组间均有显著差异(t=2.72,3.54,5.21,4.60,4.76;P<0.01)。结论事故对飞行员、机务人员均产生了不同程度的心理影响,事故后应对相关人群及时进行系统心理危机干预;同时,应重视对参与救援官兵的危机管理,以减少危机事件对救援官兵的心理影响。
Objective To analyze the mental health status of officers and soldiers after a serious flight accident and provide a theoretical basis for actively carrying out psychological crisis intervention. Methods A total of 264 officers and men after the major flight accident were assessed using the Symptom Checklist 90 (SCL-90), of which 141 pilots and 123 crew members were compared with those of Chinese military personnel. Results (1) There were significant differences (P> 0.05) except for somatization, interpersonal sensitivity and paranoid in pilots group (t = 1.33,0.75,0.65; P> 0.01) , 4.57,8.84,3.57,4.41, P <0.01; t = 2.04, P <0.05). (2) In the maintenance group, all patients except the somatization, hostility and psychosis (t = 0.97,0.41,1.64; (T = 6.19,2.66,6.56,8.54,7.44,2.83, P <0.01); ③The total score of SCL-90 in direct-aid group and non-participation-aid group was significantly different (T = 1.89,1.65,0.95,1.43; P> 0.01). There was significant difference between the other groups (t = 2.72,3.54,5.21,4.60, except for paranoid, interpersonal sensitivity, hostility and psychosis) , 4.76; P <0.01). Conclusions The accident caused different degrees of psychological impact on pilots and crew. After the accident, relevant system intervention should be carried out in time. At the same time, we should pay attention to the crisis management of the rescue officers and soldiers in order to reduce the psychological impact of the crisis on rescue workers .