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目的 探讨直肠癌术后下肢深静脉血栓形成 (LDVT)的原因及其防治。方法 回顾性研究了自 1991年 1月至 1999年 6月间收治的 8例直肠癌术后LDVT病人。结果 本组LDVT占同期深静脉血栓形成的2 1% (8/ 384) ,占同期直肠癌手术治疗的 1 2 % (8/ 6 5 6 )。左侧 5例 ,右侧 3例。术后早期发生的LDVT有 7例 ,均为截石体位手术 ,平均发生于术后第 10天 ;另 1例 2年后发生。表现为下肢肿胀 8例。 8例均得到彩色多普勒超声检查的证实。本组病人早期用祛聚、抗凝和溶栓治疗后获得良好的效果。结论 LDVT的病因是多因素的 ,早期诊断和及时处理是改善预后的关键 ,并强调预防的重要性。
Objective To explore the causes and prevention of deep venous thrombosis (LDVT) after rectal cancer surgery. METHODS: Eight patients with rectal cancer who underwent LDVT treated from January 1991 to June 1999 were retrospectively studied. Results The LDVT in this group accounted for 2 1% (8/384) of deep venous thrombosis in the same period, accounting for 12% (8/56) of the surgical treatment of rectal cancer in the same period. There are 5 cases on the left and 3 cases on the right. Early postoperative LDVT occurred in 7 cases, all of which were lithotomy positions. The average occurred on the 10th day after operation. Another 1 case occurred 2 years later. The performance of the lower extremity swelling in 8 cases. All 8 cases were confirmed by color Doppler ultrasonography. This group of patients received good results with early treatment with anti-clotting, anticoagulation, and thrombolysis. Conclusion The etiology of LDVT is multifactorial. Early diagnosis and timely treatment are the key to improve the prognosis and emphasize the importance of prevention.