神经管畸形 ( neural tube defects,NTDs)是胚胎发育过程中因神经管关闭受阻所致的一组严重的先天畸形 ,主要有无脑畸形、脊柱裂、脑膨出、枕骨裂脑露畸形和颅脊柱裂畸形。NTDs是造成死胎、死产、婴儿死亡和残疾的一个主要原因。全世界每年大约有 30万新发病例 [1 ] ,美国每年 Neural tube defects (NTDs) are a group of severe congenital anomalies caused by the obstruction of the neural tube during embryonic development. They are mainly anencephaly, spina bifida, encephalocele, occipital deformity and craniofacial deformity Spina bifida malformations. NTDs are a leading cause of stillbirths, stillbirths, infant deaths and disability. Approximately 300,000 new cases occur worldwide each year [1] in the United States each year