论文部分内容阅读
目的了解和掌握本市用人单位职业病危害因素基本情况和防治现状,探讨存在的问题并提出相应对策。方法通过对企业进行基本情况调查和日常职业卫生监督工作报表的整理,收集用人单位职业卫生申报、检测、体检等工作情况信息,建立职业卫生监管数据库并进行统计描述。结果本市2009年已申报职业病危害因素项目企业数728家(5.10%),其中私营企业申报比例最小(1.40%)。各类型申报企业的主要职业病危害因素分别为苯系物(39.56%)、粉尘(36.54%)、噪声(31.32%)和高温(24.73%),主要集中在电子设备、非电子设备和金属制品制造业。已申报企业中,有8.82%的劳动者从事接触职业病危害因素的工作,其中私营企业较高(17.92%);接触率较高的行业为非金属制品制造业、纺织皮毛业、造纸印刷业和橡胶制品制造业(均超过了15.00%)。在岗体检率为40.15%,上岗前和离岗体检率较低(1.48%、0.40%)。结论应大力加强私营企业职业卫生监管工作,重点防控苯系物、粉尘、噪声和高温等职业有害因素,努力做好上岗前和离岗体检工作。
Objective To understand and master the basic situation and prevention and cure of occupational hazards in employing units in this Municipality, explore existing problems and put forward corresponding countermeasures. Methods Through the investigation of the basic situation of the enterprise and the daily work report of occupational health supervision, the occupational health reporting, testing and physical examination information of the employing unit was collected and the occupational health supervision database was established and statistically described. Results In 2009, 728 enterprises (5.10%) declared occupational hazards in this Municipality, of which the private sector had the smallest proportion (1.40%). The main occupational hazards of all types of reporting enterprises are benzene series (39.56%), dust (36.54%), noise (31.32%) and high temperature (24.73%), mainly in the manufacture of electronic equipment, non-electronic equipment and fabricated metal products industry. Of the declared enterprises, 8.82% of the workers engaged in occupational hazards, of which the private sector is higher (17.92%); the higher the contact rate of non-metallic products manufacturing industry, textile and fur industry, paper and printing industry and Rubber products manufacturing industry (all over 15.00%). On-the-job examination rate was 40.15%, pre-job and post-examination rate is low (1.48%, 0.40%). Conclusion Occupational health supervision in the private sector should be vigorously strengthened, focusing on prevention and control of occupational hazards such as benzene compounds, dust, noise and high temperature, and strive to do a good job in pre-appointment and post-completion medical examination.