一、引言在实际生产中,工模具的失效原因主要是不耐磨或脆断。因此,提高工具钢强度、硬度和耐磨性的同时,提高韧性也是延长工模具使用寿命的关键。但工具钢强度、硬度、耐磨性及韧性的提高,除了受工具钢本身化学成份的限制或用化学热处理的方法使表面获得高耐磨组织外,关键取决于工具钢中内部碳化物形态、粒度与分布,即获得高度弥散分布的碳化物颗粒加极细针状马氏体组织,其综合机械性能较好。可是,一般工具钢最终热处理工艺采用不完全淬火,而无法改变碳化物的形态、粒度与分布。所以要获得细小弥散分布的碳化物,只有在淬火前就作好组织准备。淬火前的组织准备工作一般是锻造后空 First, the introduction In actual production, the main reason for the failure of the mold is not wear-resistant or brittle fracture. Therefore, to improve tool steel strength, hardness and wear resistance at the same time, improve toughness is also the key to extend tool life. However, the strength, hardness, wear resistance and toughness of the tool steel increase, in addition to the chemical composition of the tool steel itself or by chemical heat treatment method to make the surface of the high wear-resistant tissue, the key depends on the internal carbide morphology tool steel, Particle size and distribution, that is, to obtain a highly dispersed carbide particles and fine acicular martensite, the overall mechanical properties better. However, the general tool steel heat treatment process using incomplete quenching, but can not change the carbide morphology, size and distribution. So to get a tiny dispersion of carbides, make preparations well before quenching. Preparation before quenching the organization is generally forged after the space