一、背景介绍塔河油田位于塔里木盆地北部,是中国第一个古生界海相亿吨级大油田。2007年其累计探明油气地质储量7.8亿吨,储量每年还在以上亿吨的速度增加,是塔里木盆地迄今发现的最大整装油气田。快速发展的塔河油田已跻身全国陆地10大油田的行列。塔河油田原油地面黏度大于100万厘泊,油藏埋深超过5700米。近年来随着油田的不断开采,地层能量 I. Background Introduction Tahe Oilfield is located in the northern Tarim Basin, China is the first Paleozoic marine billion-ton oil field. In 2007, its cumulative proven oil and gas geological reserves of 780 million tons, reserves more than 100 million tons per year increase, is the Tarim Basin so far found the largest oil and gas field. The rapid development of Tahe Oilfield has become one of the nation’s top 10 onshore oil fields. Tahe oilfield crude oil surface viscosity greater than 1 million centipoises, the depth of the reservoir more than 5700 meters. In recent years, with the continuous exploitation of oil fields, formation energy