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目的了解2008─2015年新疆奇台县手足口病发病趋势和流行病学特征,为有效地开展预防控制工作提供参考依据。方法运用描述流行病学方法分析病例的基线资料,并对患者的年龄、性别、职业、地区和发病季节等进行统计学分析。结果 2008─2015年奇台县共报告手足口病810例,平均发病率44.57/10万,差异有统计学意义(χ2=1.818×10-6,P<0.05);无重症和死亡病例,男女性别比为1.51∶1;以婴幼儿为主,0~6岁占91.60%,不同年龄组间差异有统计学意义(χ2=7.913,P<0.05);以散居儿童和托幼儿童为主,占病例总数的91.36%;发病季节性明显,全年呈现两个高峰,每年5─7月为大波峰,10─12月为小波峰;全县15个乡(镇)均有病例报告,城镇和农村之间发病率差异无统计学意义(χ2=2.142,P>0.05);手足口病的病原体主要是其他肠道病毒、占86.11%。结论新疆奇台县手足口病总体发病率呈下降趋势,有周期性;应进一步加强对重点人群和重点场所手足口病的防控工作,在日常监测和病原学监测的基础上加强人群的健康教育。
Objective To understand the trend and epidemiological characteristics of hand-foot-mouth disease in Qitai County of Xinjiang from 2008 to 2015 and provide reference for effective prevention and control. Methods The descriptive epidemiological method was used to analyze the baseline data of patients and the statistical analysis was made on the patients’ age, sex, occupation, region and season of onset. Results A total of 810 HFMD cases were reported in Qitai County from 2008 to 2015, with an average incidence of 44.57 / 100 000, with significant difference (χ2 = 1.818 × 10-6, P <0.05). There were no cases of severe or death, Sex ratio was 1.51:1; mainly infants and children, 0 to 6 years old accounted for 91.60%, the difference between different age groups was statistically significant (χ2 = 7.913, P <0.05); to diaspora and child care-based children, Accounting for 91.36% of the total number of cases; seasonal obvious, showing two peaks throughout the year, every year from May to July as a large peak, 10-December as a small peak; the county 15 townships (towns) have case reports, towns There was no significant difference in morbidity between the two groups (χ2 = 2.142, P> 0.05). The pathogens of hand-foot-mouth disease were mainly other enterovirus, accounting for 86.11%. Conclusion The overall incidence of hand-foot-mouth disease in Qitai County of Xinjiang is decreasing and cyclical. The prevention and control of hand-foot-mouth disease in key population and key places should be further strengthened, and the health of the population should be strengthened on the basis of routine monitoring and etiological monitoring education.