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定向钻进虽然只有几十年的历史,但自七十年代以来发展很快,它在石油开发中,已经得到较为普遍的应用。近几年来,在地质岩心钻探中,作为一项新技术,积累了许多宝贵的经验,所取得的地质成果和产生的技术经济效益,已经受到普遍的重视。目前正在由初级向高级(即受控定向钻探)阶段迈进,通过螺杆钻等孔底动力机有成效的试验,以及随钻测量仪器、造斜工具的日益完善和其它技术的不断进步,实现随钻随测,随钻随控的定向钻进工艺,已经为期不远了。关于钻孔弯曲理论及单底孔设计等,近几年已发表许多文章,为应用方便起见,仅将野外队比较常用的三种类型定向孔(顶角变化、方位角变化、顶角方位角同时变化)
Although only a few decades of history, directional drilling has developed rapidly since the 1970s. It has been used more commonly in petroleum exploitation. In recent years, as a new technology in geological core drilling, many valuable experiences have been accumulated, and the geological achievements and the technical and economic benefits gained by it have received universal attention. At present, it is moving from primary to advanced (controlled directional drilling) stage. Through the successful experiments of hole bottom power machines such as screw drills, as well as the continuous improvement of measuring instruments and beveling tools as well as the continuous improvement of other technologies, With the measurement, while drilling with the control of directional drilling technology, has not yet come a long way. In the recent years, many articles have been published on the bending theory of borehole and the design of single-bottomed holes. For the convenience of application, only three types of directional holes (apex change, azimuth change, apex azimuth Change at the same time)