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目的了解外来务工人员乙型肝炎(以下简称乙肝)疫苗接种率及影响因素、相关知识知晓率及态度,为重点人群的健康教育策略提供依据。方法对江苏省张家港、丹阳、泰兴3市部分生产企业、建筑工地、餐饮服务行业的外来务工人员进行乙肝疫苗接种情况以及知识态度问卷调查。结果 1 447名外来务工人员乙肝疫苗平均接种率为59.8%(95%CI=57.3%~62.4%),不同年龄、婚姻状况、文化程度、居住情况及是否接受健康教育方面接种率差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05);logistic回归分析表明,相关乙肝防病知识掌握(OR=5.573)、接受健康教育与否(OR=2.811)、文化程度(OR=2.002)及年龄(OR=0.486)对接种行为影响较大;乙肝知识总知晓率为68.5%,阻碍乙肝疫苗接种的原因有不知道接种地方(29.0%)、担心副作用(19.8%)及怀疑疫苗效果(17.7%)等;13.2%的人歧视乙肝患者/病毒携带者。结论外来务工人员作为乙肝疫苗接种重点人群,接种率及相关知识水平有待提高,应加强其预防接种及相关知识的健康教育。
Objective To understand the vaccination rate and influencing factors of hepatitis B (HBV) among migrant workers and the knowledge and awareness of related knowledge so as to provide the basis for the health education strategies of key population. Methods A questionnaire survey was conducted among migrant workers in some manufacturing enterprises, construction sites and catering service industries in Zhangjiagang, Danyang and Taixing of Jiangsu Province about the hepatitis B vaccination and knowledge attitude. Results The average vaccination rate of hepatitis B vaccine among 447 workers was 59.8% (95% CI = 57.3% -62.4%). There were statistical differences in the immunization rates among different age groups, marital status, educational level, living conditions and health education (OR = 2.002) and age (OR = 0.486, P <0.05). The results of logistic regression analysis showed that the knowledge about prevention of hepatitis B (OR = 5.573) ) Had a greater impact on inoculation behavior; the total awareness rate of hepatitis B was 68.5%, and the reasons for the prevention of hepatitis B vaccination were unknown place (29.0%), side effects (19.8%) and suspected vaccine effect (17.7%); % Of people discriminate against hepatitis B patients / virus carriers. Conclusion Migrant workers, as the key population for hepatitis B vaccination, need to improve their vaccination rate and related knowledge, and should strengthen their health education on vaccination and related knowledge.