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目的:研究油橄榄叶提取物对α-葡萄糖苷酶和α-淀粉酶的抑制作用,并对其物质基础进行初步研究。方法:利用大孔吸附树脂BMKX-4对油橄榄叶提取物中的活性成分进行选择性富集,依次用20%、40%、60%、80%的乙醇进行梯度洗脱,得到A、B、C、D 4个洗脱部位,分别考察4个部位对α-葡萄糖苷酶及α-淀粉酶的抑制效果,并结合HPLC法对各部位中4个共有成分羟基酪醇乙酰酯(X_1)、橄榄苦苷(X_2)、女贞苷(X_3)、2″-epifraxamoside(X_4)进行分析,以峰面积为指标,考察其与酶抑制活性的相关性。结果:提取物部位A对α-葡萄糖苷酶的抑制活性最强,部位C对α-淀粉酶的抑制活性最强。X_1、X_3与对α-葡萄糖苷酶的抑制率呈正相关,X_2、X_4与抑制作用呈负相关;X_2、X_4与对α-淀粉酶的抑制率呈正相关,X_1、X_3与抑制作用呈负相关。结论:油橄榄叶提取物不同的洗脱部位对α-葡萄糖苷酶和α-淀粉酶都有一定的抑制作用,其中羟基酪醇乙酰酯与女贞苷可能是抑制α-葡萄糖苷酶的主要活性成分,而2″-epifraxamoside与橄榄苦苷可能是抑制α-淀粉酶的主要活性成分。
OBJECTIVE: To study the inhibitory effect of Olea europaea leaf extract on α-glucosidase and α-amylase, and to study its material basis. Methods: The macroporous resin BMKX-4 was used for the selective enrichment of the active components in the leaves of Olea europsis. The fractions were eluted with 20%, 40%, 60% and 80% ethanol in order to obtain A, B, C and D, respectively. The inhibitory effects of α-glucosidase and α-amylase on the four fractions were investigated respectively. In combination with HPLC, the content of four hydroxytyrosol acetyl esters (X_1, (2) -epifraxamoside (X_4), and the peak area as an index to investigate its correlation with enzyme inhibition activity.Results: The extract A site of α-glucose Glycosidase had the strongest inhibitory activity, and part C had the strongest inhibitory activity on α-amylase.X_1, X_3 had a positive correlation with the inhibitory rate of α-glucosidase, and had a negative correlation with the inhibitory effect of X_2, X_4 And α-amylase inhibition rate was positively correlated, X_1, X_3 and inhibition was negatively correlated.Conclusion: Olea europium leaves extracts of different elution fractions of α-glucosidase and α-amylase have a certain inhibitory effect , In which hydroxytyrosol acetyl esters and virginia glycosides may be the main active ingredient inhibiting α-glucosidase, and 2 "-epi Fraxamoside and oleuropein may be the major active ingredients that inhibit alpha-amylase.