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目的了解陆良县1952~2014年麻疹的流行趋势和特征,为制定有效的控制对策提供依据。方法对陆良县1952~2014年报告的麻疹疫情数据进行流行病学分析。结果 1952~2014年累计上报麻疹100 473例,平均发病率为550.43/10万。其中1952~1979年麻疹累计上报发病97 218例,平均发病率1 215.89/10万;其次1980~2014年,麻疹累计上报发病3 255例,平均发病率18.08/10万。1980年前后相比,麻疹发病数和死亡数分别下降98.14%、99.86%,麻疹疫苗控制发病效果明显。发病主要集中在11~5月,占72.72%(2 365/3 252)。结论陆良县麻疹发病率总体上自开展计划免疫后迅速降低,现处低发病阶段;春季高发;5岁以下儿童高发,近年1岁内发病明显。
Objective To understand the epidemiological trends and characteristics of measles in Luliang County from 1952 to 2014, and provide evidence for effective control measures. Methods The epidemiological data of measles epidemics reported from 1952 to 2014 in Luliang County were analyzed. Results A total of 100 473 measles cases were reported from 1952 to 2014, with an average incidence rate of 550.43 / 100,000. The total number of reported measles cases from 1952 to 1979 was 97,218, with an average incidence rate of 1 215.89 / lakh. Second, from 1980 to 2014, 3 255 measles cases were reported, with an average incidence rate of 18.08 / lakh. Compared with 1980, the incidence and deaths of measles decreased by 98.14% and 99.86% respectively. The incidence of measles vaccine control was significant. The incidence mainly concentrated in 11 May, accounting for 72.72% (2 365/3 252). Conclusion The incidence of measles in Luliang County generally dropped rapidly after the planned immunization. It is now at a low incidence stage. It is high in spring and high in children under 5 years of age. The incidence of measles in recent years is significant at the age of 1 year.