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政府和市场是推动职业教育改革与发展的两股重要力量。职业教育准公共产品属性决定了政府和市场在职业教育发展中的责任和限度。依据《国务院关于加快发展现代职业教育的决定》中“政府推动、市场引导”的原则,认为发展职业教育既不能政府全包,又不能完全推给市场。一方面要明确政府在宏观层面保障措施,包括法制建设、政策保障、经费保障管理监督和信息服务等方面;另一方面要转变政府职能,使政府从职业教育微观层面退出。
The government and the market are two important forces that promote the reform and development of vocational education. The attribute of quasi-public goods in vocational education determines the responsibility and limit of government and market in the development of vocational education. According to the principle of “government promotion and market guidance” in the “Decision of the State Council on Accelerating the Development of Modern Vocational Education”, it is considered that the development of vocational education can neither be fully inclusive of the government nor fully pushed to the market. On the one hand, it is necessary to clarify the government’s safeguard measures at the macro level, including legal construction, policy support, funds guarantee management and supervision and information services; on the other hand, it is necessary to change government functions so that the government can withdraw from the micro level of vocational education.