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通过一系列的室内模型试验研究了砂土中吸力式沉箱基础的抗拔承载特性,着重分析了沉箱的长径比、荷载作用角度和荷载作用点位置的影响。试验中考虑了3个长径比,5个荷载作用角度和5个荷载作用点位置。试验结果表明,不同工况条件下吸力式沉箱基础在被拔出前所表现出来的荷载-位移特性各不相同。增大沉箱的长径比,可以显著提高吸力式沉箱基础的抗拔能力,但长径比的改变不影响吸力式沉箱基础的位移特征。荷载作用方向越接近于水平方向,吸力式沉箱基础的抗拔能力越强。当吸力式沉箱基础承受竖向上拔荷载作用时,荷载作用点位置的变化对其承载力的影响可以忽略;除荷载作用角度为90°外,荷载作用于沉箱高度的2/3和3/4处时,基础的抗拔能力最强。
Through a series of indoor model tests, the pull-up and load-bearing characteristics of suction caisson foundations in sand were studied. The effects of caisson’s length-diameter ratio, load angle and load point position were analyzed emphatically. In the experiment, three aspect ratios, five loading angles and five loading points were considered. The test results show that the load-displacement characteristics of the suction caisson foundation under different conditions are different before they are pulled out. Increasing the aspect ratio of the caisson can significantly improve the pullout capability of the suction caisson, however, the change of the aspect ratio does not affect the displacement characteristics of the suction caisson. The closer the loading direction is to the horizontal direction, the stronger the pull-up capability of the suction caisson foundation is. When the suction caisson foundation is subjected to the vertical pull-out load, the influence of the change of load acting point position on its bearing capacity can be neglected. The load acts on 2/3 and 3/4 of the height of the caisson except for the action angle of load At the time, based on the strongest pull-ups.