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锚喷支护有许多优点和很强的生命力,三十年来,得到了不断的提高与发展,对保证煤炭持续稳定的发展作出了很大的贡献。 但粉尘大,回弹高又是其主要缺点。早在六十年代中期,就有许多人从事湿喷机的研制,某些科研部门还引进过国外的湿喷机。但因未制出与湿喷机配套的设备,至今仍以干喷为主。在1984年煤炭部召开的全国光爆锚喷经验交流会上,降低粉尘、降低回弹仍被作为锚喷支护的“攻关”项目。 为了降低粉尘,现在锚喷支护掘进头普遍采用综合防尘的办法:湿式打眼、水炮泥、洒水冲洗岩帮、设置水幕、潮喷、改进喷头供水环结构、提高喷射手的操作水平、采用低风压近距离喷射工艺以及对转子喷浆机作些局部改进减少漏风漏气等,都可起到防尘降尘作用。 1986年,对鹤壁二矿16个岩巷锚喷支护掘进头进行了实测,结果(年平均值)见表1。
Anchor spray support has many advantages and strong vitality. Over the past 30 years, it has been continuously improved and developed, making a great contribution to ensuring the sustained and steady development of coal. However, large dust, high rebound is its main drawback. As early as the mid-1960s, many people engaged in the development of wet spraying machines. Some of the research departments also introduced wet spraying machines abroad. However, due to not yet made with the wet spray machine supporting equipment, still dry spray-based. In 1984, the Ministry of Coal held a national light blast anchor spray experience exchange meeting to reduce dust and reduce the rebound is still used as anchor and spray support “tackling” project. In order to reduce the dust, nowadays, the technology of comprehensive dust prevention is generally adopted for the head and grouting support excavation head: wet drilling, watering mud and sprinkling flush rock, setting water curtain and tidal spraying, improving the water supply ring structure of the nozzle and improving the operating level of the spray hand , The use of low-pressure close-jet process and the rotor spray machine to make some local improvements to reduce air leakage, etc., can play a role in dust and dust. In 1986, the Hebi No. 16 mine rock bolting and shotcreting support head was measured, the results (annual average) in Table 1.