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为了扩展压电复合材料的应用领域,首先,通过固相合成法制备了0-3型聚偏氟乙烯(PVDF)/Pb(Zn1/3Nb2/3)0.05Zr0.47Ti0.48O3(PZNZT)压电复合材料;然后,研究了PVDF含量对PVDF/PZNZT复合材料物相、显微结构及性能的影响。结果表明:PZNZT陶瓷粉料与PVDF粉料混合后,其平均粒度接近于纯PVDF粉料的。于220℃下烧结后,PVDF/PZNZT复合材料在XRD谱图中主要显现出PZNZT钙钛矿结构的衍射峰。当PVDF含量较低时,PZNZT陶瓷晶粒间的结合较松散;随着PVDF含量的增加,陶瓷晶粒几乎都被PVDF相包围。因显微结构不同,不同PVDF含量的PVDF/PZNZT复合材料在极化电场中呈现出不同的串、并联电路。极化后,5wt%PVDF/PZNZT复合材料的电性能最佳,其介电常数为116、介电损耗tanδ为0.04、压电常数为48pC/N且机电耦合系数为0.28。随PVDF含量的增加,PVDF/PZNZT复合材料的居里温度降低,维氏硬度有所增加,但仍小于纯PZNZT压电陶瓷的硬度。所得结论显示PVDF/PZNZT压电复合材料的性能可以满足水声、电声及超声换能器等的要求。
In order to expand the field of piezoelectric composite applications, firstly, 0-3 type PVDF / Pb (Zn1 / 3Nb2 / 3) 0.05Zr0.47Ti0.48O3 (PZNZT) piezoelectric Then, the effect of PVDF content on the microstructure and properties of PVDF / PZNZT composites was studied. The results show that the average particle size of PZNZT ceramic powder mixed with PVDF powder is close to pure PVDF powder. After sintering at 220 ℃, the diffraction peak of the PZNZT perovskite structure mainly appears in the XRD spectrum of the PVDF / PZNZT composite. When the content of PVDF is low, the bonding between PZNZT ceramic grains is loose. With the increase of PVDF content, the ceramic grains are almost surrounded by PVDF phase. Due to the different microstructures, PVDF / PZNZT composites with different PVDF contents show different series and parallel circuits in the polarized electric field. After polarization, the electrical properties of 5wt% PVDF / PZNZT composites were the best, the dielectric constant was 116, the dielectric loss tanδ was 0.04, the piezoelectric constant was 48pC / N and the electromechanical coupling coefficient was 0.28. With the increase of PVDF content, the Curie temperature of PVDF / PZNZT composites decreases and the Vickers hardness increases, but still less than the hardness of pure PZNZT piezoelectric ceramics. The results show that the performance of PVDF / PZNZT piezoelectric composites can meet the requirements of underwater acoustic, electroacoustic and ultrasonic transducers.