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为了加速控制麻疹,河北省于1998年4～5月对石家庄、张家口、承德三市8个月～14岁儿童,进行了一次麻疹疫苗(MV)初始强化免疫。用酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)检测强化免疫前后目标人群麻疹IgG抗体,监测麻疹病例。结果:强化免疫后人群麻疹抗体阳性率上升至997%,预防麻疹显性感染的抗体滴度≥1:800的比例上升至9800%,几何平均滴度倒数(GMRT)从57167上升至211817,增长371倍;1998年三市麻疹发病数比前3年平均下降8978%,麻疹暴发得到有效控制。由此可见,在保持较高常规免疫覆盖率的基础上,实施MV初始强化免疫,对于迅速提高人群麻疹抗体水平,减少易感人群的比例,控制麻疹的暴发或流行效果显著。
In order to speed up the control of measles, Hebei Province conducted an initial measles vaccine (MV) booster immunization of children aged 8 months to 14 years in Shijiazhuang, Zhangjiakou and Chengde from April to May 1998. Measles IgG antibodies were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in the target population before and after intensive immunization, and measles cases were monitored. Results: The positive rate of measles antibody increased to 997% after intensive immunization, the antibody titer ≥1: 800 for prevention of measles infection increased to 9800%, and the geometric mean reciprocal titer (GMRT) increased from 57167 to 211817 371 times. In 1998, the incidence of measles in the three cities dropped by an average of 8978% over the previous three years and the outbreak of measles was effectively controlled. Thus, maintaining high conventional immunization coverage based on the implementation of MV initial boost, measurable antibody levels for the rapid population, reduce the proportion of susceptible populations, control measles outbreak or epidemic effect is significant.