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紫杉醇(paclitaxel)是国际上继阿霉素和含铂类抗癌药之后最热点的抗肿瘤新药,其独特的作用机制和抗癌活性一直备受肿瘤医学界的关注,美国FDA已批准紫杉醇用于转移性卵巢癌和乳腺癌的相对治疗。紫杉醇化学结构式已被确定,分子式为C_(47)H_(54)NO_(14),分子质量为853.92,但目前还不能人工合成,其来源仅限于从天然紫杉树叶、树皮中提取。一般认为紫杉醇作用的靶位点主要是微管蛋白/微管系统,促进微管聚合,抑制微管降解,使细脆分裂周期阻滞在G_2/M期,最终导致细胞凋亡。
Paclitaxel is the hottest new antitumor drug after adriamycin and platinum-containing anticancer drugs in the world. Its unique mechanism of action and anticancer activity have drawn the attention of the oncology community. The FDA has approved the use of paclitaxel Relative treatment of metastatic ovarian and breast cancer. The chemical formula of paclitaxel has been established, its molecular formula is C_ (47) H_ (54) NO_ (14) and its molecular mass is 853.92, but it can not be synthesized at present because its source is limited to the extraction from natural yew leaves and bark. Paclitaxel is generally believed that the target site is mainly tubulin / microtubule system, promote microtubule polymerization, inhibition of microtubule degradation, the fine fragile cleavage cycle in G_2 / M phase, and ultimately lead to apoptosis.