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目的研究PML－RARα在APL的特异性诊断、疗效判定等方面的作用。方法采用反转录聚合酶链反应技术（RT－PCR）检测了22例急性早幼粒细胞白血病（APL）患者的PML－RARα融合基因转录本。结果17例为初治患者，入院时检测均为阳性。13例经全反式维甲酸（ATRA）诱导分化治疗均达完全缓解（CR），缓解后检测融合基因转录本均为阳性。将13例患者随机分为MA方案组与HA方案组，化疗4次～5次后检测融合基因，4例转阴，MA方案组的融合基因转阴率（4／6）高于HA方案组（0／7）。结论APL经ATRA诱导缓解后化疗是必需的。MA方案疗效优于HA方案。
Objective To study the role of PML-RARα in the specific diagnosis and therapeutic efficacy of APL. METHODS: Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was used to detect PML-RARα fusion gene transcripts in 22 patients with acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL). Results 17 patients were initially treated and all were positive at admission. Thirteen of 13 cases had complete remission (CR) after all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA)-induced differentiation treatment, and all fusion transcripts were positive after remission. 13 patients were randomly divided into MA group and HA group. The fusion gene was detected after 4 to 5 times of chemotherapy, and 4 cases were negative. The rate of fusion gene conversion (4/6) was higher in MA group than in HA group. (0/7). Conclusion ATRA-induced remission after ATRA is required for chemotherapy. The MA regimen is superior to the HA regimen.