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目的对老年患者牙周感染病原菌的相关因素进行分析,并对抗菌药物治疗效果进行评价。方法选择2012年3月-2013年3月门诊老年牙周病患者69例,进行病原菌检测,作为观察组,同时选择同期健康体检老年人100名,作为对照组,采用自行设计的调查问卷,对患者的基本资料进行调查,对症给予抗菌药物治疗后,对治疗效果进行评价。结果老年牙周病患者病原菌感染的主要因素有不良的口腔卫生习惯、受教育程度低、吸烟、合并≥2种基础疾病、合并糖尿病、伴负性情绪等,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);69例感染患者共分离出厌氧菌102株,前3位分别为伴放线放线菌、牙龈卟啉单胞菌、生痰二氧化碳嗜纤维菌,分别占26.47%、20.59%、14.71%;分别给予甲硝唑、替硝唑及奥硝唑治疗,病原菌清除率分别为78.26%、91.30%、95.65%;替硝唑、奥硝唑的清除率高于甲硝唑,组间比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论老年患者牙周病的发病率高,病原菌感染因素众多,定期进行牙周检查,注意口腔卫生,及时对牙周病进行治疗,是维护口腔健康、避免牙丢失的有效方法。
Objective To analyze the related factors of pathogens in periodontal infection in elderly patients and to evaluate the therapeutic effect of antibacterial drugs. Methods 69 elderly patients with periodontal disease in our hospital from March 2012 to March 2013 were selected for pathogen detection as the observation group and 100 healthy elderly people in the same period were selected as the control group. The patient’s basic information to investigate symptomatic treatment with antibiotics, the treatment effect was evaluated. Results The main factors of pathogens infection in elderly patients with periodontal disease were poor oral health habits, low education level, smoking, combined ≥2 kinds of basic diseases, diabetes, with negative emotions, the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05 ). A total of 102 strains of anaerobic bacteria were isolated from 69 infected patients. The top three strains were Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans, Porphyromonas gingivalis and Phytophthora capsici, accounting for 26.47%, 20.59%, 14.71 % Respectively. The clearance rates of metronidazole, tinidazole and ornidazole were 78.26%, 91.30% and 95.65% respectively. The clearance rates of tinidazole and ornidazole were higher than those of metronidazole The difference was statistically significant (P <0.05). Conclusion The incidence of periodontal disease in elderly patients is high, there are many factors of pathogenic bacteria infection. Regular periodontal examination, oral hygiene and timely treatment of periodontal disease are effective methods to maintain oral health and avoid tooth loss.