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鸟居为日本特有的神社建筑物,作为神域的入口用以区分神域与俗世,并广泛分布于日本全国各地的神社与寺庙之中。鸟居的产生和发展与神道信仰一样,既是日本原始信仰的体现,也受到东亚古代农耕文化的影响。鸟居植根的生态基础具有多样性,其本身也是一个多种文化的复合体。无论从其语源、现存鸟居的形态还是材质考察,它都与东亚稻作农耕文化和东北亚落叶林狩猎采集文化有着密切的联系。本文试从东亚民俗文化对鸟居原始形态影响的角度来提出一种鸟居起源的假说。
Torii is a Japanese shrine building that is unique to Japan. It is used as a portal to divine domains and divines, and is widely distributed in shrines and temples across Japan. The birth and development of Torii, like the Shinto faith, are both an expression of Japan’s primitive beliefs and influenced by ancient agrarian cultures in East Asia. Torii has its roots in the ecological diversity of the roots, which itself is a multi-cultural complex. It is closely related to farming culture of East Asia and hunting and gathering culture of deciduous forest in Northeast Asia, no matter from its source, the existing form of Torii or the material investigation. This paper tries to propose a hypothesis of the origin of Torii originated from the influence of East Asian folk culture on the original form of Torii.