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8个品种冬小麦的种子搭载实践8号育种卫星后经过连续多年种植选择,对其SP2、SP3代农艺性状及品质性状进行诱变效应分析。结果表明,小麦种子经航天诱变后能引起后代表现型的广泛变异,但不同品种、不同性状对空间环境的敏感性、诱变效果不同,SP2代新麦8、郑麦366的表现型突变频率分别达13.2%、12.5%。SP3代株高、穗长、产量性状、品质性状的变异尤为突出,其中,周麦18的诱变后代中出现高白度和强筋材料,白度值和稳定时间分别达82.9%和20min。这些突变性状在后代中会产生分离和遗传,多数分离类型通过后代的单穗或单株选择可以使其性状趋于稳定。
Eight varieties of winter wheat seeds carrying practice 8 breeding satellites after years of planting selection, its SP2, sp3 generation agronomic traits and quality traits mutagenic effects analysis. The results showed that wheat seeds could induce a wide variety of progeny phenotypes after aerospace mutagenesis. However, the susceptibility and mutagenic effects of different varieties and different traits to space environment were different. The phenotypic mutations in SP2 generation Xinmai8 and Zhengmai366 Frequency respectively 13.2%, 12.5%. The variation of plant height, ear length, yield traits and quality traits of SP3 was particularly prominent. Among them, high whiteness and strong gluten were found in mutants of Zhoumai 18 with whiteness value and stability time of 82.9% and 20min, respectively. These mutant traits cause segregation and heredity in the offspring, and most segregation types tend to stabilize their traits through the single ear or single plant selection of the offspring.