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适应性和稳定性是优良品种所必须具备的基本条件。在多个环境下对多个性状进行选择一直是一个悬而未决的难题。基于加性-显性-加加互作以及它们和环境互作的遗传模型,本文提出了两类选择指数:普通选择指数和考虑基因型与环境互作的选择指数(环境互作选择指数)。其中普通选择指数可用于具有广泛适应性品种的选择,环境互作选择指数则可用于具有特定环境适应性的基因型的选择。对于自花授粉作物,本文提出了两类育种值,即普通育种值和基因型与环境互作育种值。其中,普通育种值包括上位性效应和加加上位性效应,基因型与环境互作育种值包括加性、加加上位性与环境的互作效应。应用混合线性模型估算选择指数构建中涉及的方差-协方差分量。以一组陆地棉双列杂交设计试验作为实例,演示了所提出的选择指数的构建过程。本文提出的指数选择方法可望为多环境下多个性状同步选择提供一条有效的途径。
Adaptability and stability are the basic conditions that good varieties must have. Choosing multiple traits in multiple environments has always been an open challenge. Based on the additive-dominance-Gaga interactions and their genetic models of interaction with the environment, two types of selection indices are proposed: general selection index and selection index (interaction index of environmental interaction) . Among them, the common selection index can be used for selecting with a wide range of adaptive varieties, and the environmental interaction selection index can be used for selecting genotypes with specific environmental adaptability. For self-pollinating crops, two types of breeding values are proposed, that is, common breeding value and breeding value of genotype and environment. Among them, the average breeding value includes the epistatic effect and the plus epistatic effect, and the breeding value of the genotype and the environment interaction includes the additive effect and the additive effect of the plus epistasis and the environment. The mixed-linear model is used to estimate the variance-covariance components involved in the selection index construction. A set of Gossypium hirsutum hybrid design experiments was used as an example to demonstrate the construction of the proposed selection index. The index selection method proposed in this paper is expected to provide an effective approach for the simultaneous selection of multiple traits in multiple environments.