提高分蘖成穗率和延长有效分蘖期,是提高水稻单位面积产量的两大要素。前人对此虽有强烈感性认识,但进行系统观察和研究者甚少,所以在生产实践中缺少明确的数量化指标引为依据,这对于高产水稻技术标准化的制定和水稻产量形成的计划控制都是不利的。我们于1981—1986年采用大田抽样调查与试验田定点观测相结合的方法,对稻田群体的分蘖产生与成穗过程、各类有效穗在产量构成中的作用,进行了多年、多点的调查研究。本文仅就分蘖成穗率,有效分蘖期与水稻单位面 Increasing the tillering rate and prolonging the effective tillering stage are the two major factors to improve the yield per unit area of ​​rice. Although predecessors had a strong sense of perceptual knowledge, there were few systematic observations and researchers. Therefore, there is a lack of clear quantitative indicators in production practice, which is of great significance to the formulation of technical standards for high-yielding rice and the planned control of rice yield formation Are unfavorable. In 1981-1986, we used the methods of field sampling and fixed field observation to study the effects of tillering and ear formation on rice paddy fields and the effect of various types of effective spikes on the yield components. We conducted a multi-year and multi-point investigation . This article only on the tillering rate, effective tillering stage and rice unit surface