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目的通过对福建省福州城市社区老年人高血压抑郁症状影响因素分析,探讨福州城市社区老年人高血压与抑郁的关系。方法于2012年4—5月采用老年抑郁量表(The Geriatric Depression Scale,GDS)中文版及自编的一般资料问卷对福州城市社区882例≥60岁的原发性高血压老年人和1 230名非高血压老年人进行调查研究,使用SPSS 16.0软件对结果进行统计分析。结果高血压老年人抑郁症状发生率为64.4%,高于对照组的55.3%,(χ2=16.386,P<0.01);不同年龄、性别、居住情况、家庭支持、家庭日常开支、兴趣爱好的高血压老年人抑郁症状检出率均高于对照组(P<0.05),有配偶、文化程度初中及以下、月收入<2 000元、医疗费用自费、部分自费的高血压老年人抑郁症状检出率均高于对照组(P<0.05),多因素logistic回归分析显示,老年人抑郁症状发生的危险因素有年龄(OR=1.499,95%CI=1.213~1.852)、高血压(OR=1.453,95%CI=1.200~1.759)(P<0.05)。保护因素有医疗费用部分自费(OR=0.752,95%CI=0.592~0.956)、兴趣爱好较多(OR=0.704,95%CI=0.560~0.885)、家庭非常支持(OR=0.575,95%CI=0.473~0.700)、家庭日常开支足够(OR=0.786,95%CI:0.645~0.959)(P<0.05)。结论福州城市社区老年人高血压与抑郁症状发生存在关联,高血压增加了城市社区老年人抑郁症状发生风险。
Objective To explore the relationship between hypertension and depression in the elderly in Fuzhou urban community by analyzing the influencing factors of hypertension in the elderly in the urban communities of Fuzhou, Fujian Province. Methods From April to May 2012, 882 elderly patients with hypertension of ≥60 years old and 1 230 of the elderly in Fuzhou urban community were surveyed by using the Chinese version of the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS) and self-compiled general information questionnaire. Non-hypertensive elderly were investigated and the results were statistically analyzed using SPSS 16.0 software. Results The prevalence of depressive symptoms was 64.4% in the elderly hypertensive group, which was higher than that in the control group (χ2 = 16.386, P <0.01). The age, gender, housing status, family support, family daily expenses and hobbies The prevalence of depressive symptoms in the elderly with blood pressure was higher than that in the control group (P <0.05), spouse, junior high school education and below, monthly income <2000 yuan, (OR = 1.499, 95% CI = 1.213-1.852) and hypertension (OR = 1.453, P <0.05). The multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the risk factors of depression in the elderly were as follows: 95% CI = 1.200 ~ 1.759) (P <0.05). The family members supported the family medical expenses (OR = 0.752, 95% CI = 0.592-0.956), hobbies (OR = 0.704, 95% CI = 0.560-0.885) = 0.473 ~ 0.700), and family daily expenses were enough (OR = 0.786,95% CI: 0.645-0.959) (P <0.05). Conclusions There is a correlation between hypertension and depressive symptoms in the urban community of Fuzhou. Hypertension increases the risk of depressive symptoms in the elderly in urban communities.