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岩石受压会产生局部能量快速释放现象并引起声发射。由于声发射信号是岩石体积效应的综合体现,因此其蕴含着复杂且能体现岩石内部形态结构变化的信息。采用多重分形对声发射信号特征进行解构分析,发现不同加载阶段声发射信号多重分形谱形态均呈现小概率事件的特征,这说明岩石破坏过程的复杂性;进一步研究表明,岩石濒临破坏时声发射信号特征参数与加载初期存有显著差异:加载初期,信号多重分形谱谱宽较大,而濒于破坏时声发射信号标度区间显著增加,不同加载阶段声发射信号结构已经发生变化;不同种类岩石试验的声发射信号都给出类似的提示。
Rock compression will produce rapid release of local energy and cause acoustic emission. Because acoustic emission signal is a comprehensive reflection of rock volume effect, it contains complex and can reflect the information of the morphological changes in the rock. Using multifractal to deconstruct the characteristics of acoustic emission signals, it is found that the morphology of multifractal spectra of acoustic emission signals at different loading stages shows the characteristics of small probability events, which indicates the complexity of the rock failure process. Further studies show that when the rock is near destruction Signal characteristic parameters are significantly different from the initial loading: at the beginning of loading, the multifractal spectral width of the signal is large, while the scale of acoustic emission signal is significantly increased on the verge of destruction, and the signal structure of acoustic emission has changed at different loading stages; The experimental AE signals give similar hints.