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目的:探讨健康教育联合医学营养治疗对妊娠期糖尿病(GDM)初产妇妊娠的影响。方法:选择2012年1月~2013年6月间在该院住院的124例GDM患者为研究对象。将124例患者按照入院时间的先后分为观察组(72例)和对照组(52例)。观察组给予健康教育联合医学营养治疗,对照组给予常规健康教育和营养指导。比较两组血糖、体重控制情况和妊娠结局。结果:观察组有效率(91.67%)高于对照组(78.85%),两组比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组总增重、每周增重、BMI增加值均低于对照组,两组比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。观察组妊娠期高血压疾病、感染、羊水过多、产后出血发生率、剖宫产率明显低于对照组,两组比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组新生儿高胆红素血症、新生儿低血糖、巨大儿发生率明显低于对照组,两组比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:对GDM患者采取健康教育联合医学营养治疗方案,可以有效控制血糖水平与体重,进而改善母儿妊娠结局,提高人口质量。
Objective: To investigate the effects of health education combined with medical nutrition therapy on the gestational pregnancy in gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Methods: A total of 124 GDM patients hospitalized in our hospital from January 2012 to June 2013 were selected as the study subjects. 124 patients were divided into observation group (72 cases) and control group (52 cases) according to the time of admission. The observation group was given health education combined with medical nutrition treatment while the control group was given general health education and nutritional guidance. Blood glucose, weight control and pregnancy outcomes were compared between the two groups. Results: The effective rate in observation group (91.67%) was higher than that in control group (78.85%). There was significant difference between the two groups (P <0.05). The total weight gain, weekly weight gain and BMI in the observation group were lower than those in the control group. There was significant difference between the two groups (P <0.01). The incidence of pregnancy-induced hypertension, infection, polyhydramnios, postpartum hemorrhage and cesarean section rate in observation group were significantly lower than those in control group. There was significant difference between the two groups (P <0.05). The observation group neonatal hyperbilirubinemia, neonatal hypoglycemia, macrosomia was significantly lower than the control group, the two groups, the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05). Conclusion: Taking the combination of health education and medical nutrition treatment for GDM patients can effectively control the blood glucose level and body weight, and then improve the pregnancy outcome and improve the population quality.