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目的了解厦门市16所公立幼儿园2~6岁儿童乳牙龋齿的患病情况及影响因素,为开展幼儿园口腔保健提供基线资料。方法参考WHO《口腔健康调查基本方法》中的临床牙列状况的检查方法和标准。随机抽取厦门市16所公立幼儿园2~6岁儿童共4 950例进行龋病调查,并对儿童家长进行问卷调查。结果乳牙患龋率和龋均分别为60.3%和3.26,患者龋均为5.40。乳牙患龋率随年龄的增长而增加,差异有统计学意义(χ~2=131.22,P<0.01)。幼儿较早开始刷牙及家长每天检查儿童刷牙效果的儿童患龋率较低,差异有统计学意义(χ~2=46.42、14.82,P<0.01),家长是否帮助儿童刷牙患龋率的差异有统计学意义(χ~2=38.92,P<0.01)。家长的文化程度,睡前吃零食与患龋密切相关,差异有统计学意义(χ~2=65.3、78.96,P<0.01)。结论受检儿童乳牙患龋率较高,家庭因素对儿童龋病的发生有显著影响,应加强以社区为基础的儿童家庭口腔健康教育,重视龋病的早期预防。
Objective To understand the prevalence and influential factors of deciduous teeth deciduous teeth in children aged 2 ~ 6 in 16 public kindergartens in Xiamen City, and to provide baseline data for oral care in kindergartens. Methods Refer to the methods and standards for examination of clinical dentition in the WHO Oral Health Survey Basic Methods. A total of 4 950 cases of children aged 2 ~ 6 in 16 public kindergartens in Xiamen City were randomly selected for dental caries survey. Questionnaires were also conducted on the children’s parents. Results The caries prevalence and caries in primary deciduous teeth were 60.3% and 3.26, respectively, and the caries was 5.40. The caries prevalence of deciduous teeth increased with age, the difference was statistically significant (χ ~ 2 = 131.22, P <0.01). The rate of dental caries among children who started brushing their teeth earlier and their parents checked the effect of brushing their teeth on a daily basis was lower (χ ~ 2 = 46.42, 14.82, P <0.01), and whether the parents helped them to brush their teeth Statistical significance (χ ~ 2 = 38.92, P <0.01). Parental education, snacking before going to bed were closely related to dental caries, the difference was statistically significant (χ ~ 2 = 65.3,78.96, P <0.01). Conclusion The caries prevalence of deciduous teeth in children under examination is high. Family factors have a significant impact on the occurrence of caries in children. Community-based oral health education should be strengthened in children’s families and the early prevention of dental caries should be emphasized.