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一、知识产权法对技术保护措施的认可和支持针对不断出现的技术保护措施,知识产权法给予积极回应,尝试把技术措施纳入知识产权法框架之下。这在数字版权和生物技术发明专利等领域都有体现。在版权领域,被称为“电子版权公约”的《WIPO版权条约》 (WIPO Copyright Treaty,WCT)和《WIPO表演和录音制品条约》 (WIPO Performances and Phonograms Treaty,WPPT)对此都有所规定。其中,WCT明确规定缔约方关于技术措施的义务,要求“缔约方应提供足够的法律保护和有效的法律救济以制约对作者用来行使本条约或伯尔尼公约规定的权利和限制针对其作品的非经作者授权或非为法律允许的行为的有效技术措施的规避。”因此作者采取的用来行使其合法权利或限制侵权行为的技术措施应受到国内法保护,不应受到规避,否则应得到足够的法律救济。在WPPT中,对于表演者和录音制品制作者为行使其权利而可能采取的技术保护措施也给予类似规定。
I. Recognition and Support of Technical Protection Measures by Intellectual Property Law In response to emerging technical protection measures, the intellectual property law gives a positive response and tries to incorporate technical measures under the framework of intellectual property law. This is reflected in areas such as digital rights and biotech invention patents. In the area of copyright, there are provisions in the WIPO Copyright Treaty (WCT) and the WIPO Performances and Phonograms Treaty (WPPT), known as the Electronic Copyright Convention. Among them, the WCT clearly stipulates the obligations of the Contracting Parties on technical measures and requires “Parties shall provide adequate legal protection and effective legal remedies to restrict the rights of authors to exercise the rights set forth in this or the Berne Convention and to limit their non-compliance with their works Avoidance of effective technical measures authorized by the author or not permitted by law. ”Therefore, the technical measures taken by the author to exercise his legal rights or to limit violations should be protected by domestic laws and should not be circumvented or else they should be sufficient Legal relief. In the WPPT, similar provisions are also applied to the technical protection measures that performers and producers of phonograms may exercise in exercising their rights.