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目的比较2010-2014年临沂市手足口病实验室诊断病例中病原体为EV71和Cox Al6病毒株病例的流行病学特征。方法从国家传染病报告信息管理系统获取2010-2014年临沂市手足口病资料,以此范围中实验室检验病原体结果为EV71和Cox Al6两种病毒株的病例为研究对象,对性别、年龄、职业、发病时间等分别进行分析比较。结果(1)2010-2014年临沂市共报告手足口病实验室诊断病例2 249例,其中病毒株为EV71的1 013例,为Cox Al6的874例,分别占45.04%和38.86%。(2)病毒株为EV71和Cox Al6的病例的男女比例分别为2∶1和1.95∶1;年龄分布均以0~3岁为主,分别占87.59%和83.41%;职业分布以散居儿童为主,分别占92.08%和87.30%;发病时间方面,Cox Al6发病高峰期出现在4-7月,而EV71除3-7月出现的第一个发病高峰外,在10-11月份又出现了第二个小高峰;在重症病例病毒阳性率上,EV71和Cox Al6分别占66.95%和27.12%。结论 2010-2014年临沂市手足口病的发病率居高不下,主要病原体依然为EV71和Cox Al6,二者在性别、年龄、职业分布方面无明显差异,但在发病时间分布上却有所不同,Cox Al6呈明显的单峰分布,而EV71则出现两个发病高峰,另外EV71仍是重症病例的主要致病病毒。
Objective To compare the epidemiological characteristics of EV71 and Cox Al6 strains in laboratory diagnosed cases of hand-foot-mouth disease in Linyi City during 2010-2014. Methods The data of hand-foot-mouth disease in Linyi City from 2010 to 2014 were obtained from the National Infectious Disease Reporting Information Management System. The results of laboratory tests for the pathogens of EV71 and Cox Al6 in this range were taken as the research objects. The gender, age, Occupation, onset time were analyzed and compared. Results (1) A total of 2 249 HFMD laboratory diagnosed cases were reported in Linyi City from 2010 to 2014, including 1 013 cases of EV71 and 874 cases of Cox Al6, accounting for 45.04% and 38.86% respectively. (2) The male-female ratio of EV71 and Cox Al6 strains were 2:1 and 1.95:1, respectively. The distribution of age was mainly from 0 to 3 years, accounting for 87.59% and 83.41% respectively. The occupational distribution was Main, respectively, accounted for 92.08% and 87.30%; onset time, Cox Al6 incidence peak appeared in April-July, EV71 in addition to March-July appeared the first incidence peak again in October-November appeared again The second peak was small. In severe cases, EV71 and Cox Al6 accounted for 66.95% and 27.12% respectively. Conclusion The incidence of hand-foot-mouth disease in Linyi City was high from 2010 to 2014. The main pathogens were still EV71 and Cox Al6. There was no significant difference in sex, age and occupational distribution between the two groups, but the distribution of onset time was different , Cox Al6 showed a unimodal distribution, while EV71 showed two peak incidence, the other EV71 is still the major pathogenic disease in critically ill patients.