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目的:探讨CD4~+Cff25~+FOXP3~+调节性T细胞(Treg)及其亚型在结直肠癌组织(colorectal carcinoma,CRC)的分布和临床病理特征的关系.方法:收集42例CRC新鲜手术标本,应用冰冻切片、免疫组织化学SP法检测肿瘤组织和癌旁组织中FOXP3~+阳性细胞数,分析其与临床病理特征的相关性;应用双重免疫组化检测FOXP3和ICOS表达,分析FOXP3~+ICOS~+Treg和FOXP3~+ICOS-Treg两种细胞亚型分布情况.结果:CRC患者肿瘤组织中FOXP3分布显著多于癌旁组织,差异显著(P＜0.001);中低分化组Treg细胞数明显高于高分化组(P＜0.01);淋巴结转移组Treg细胞数明显高于无淋巴结转移组(P＜0.05);无远处转移组Treg细胞数明显高于有远处转移组(P＜0.05);FOXP3+ICOS+Treg细胞亚群在CRC组织中高表达,与癌旁组织相比差异显著(P＜0.01).结论:CRC的发生发展与其癌组织局部微环境中Treg数量变化相关,Treg在CRC组织过量表达可能是导致肿瘤免疫逃逸的重要因素之一;抑制CRC微环境中浸润性Treg细胞功能可提高肿瘤局部免疫治疗效果.“,”Objective: To determine the distribution of CD4~+CD25~+FOXP3~+regulatory T cells (Treg) and Treg subsets in human colorectal carcinoma microenvironment and to explore their correlation with conventional clinico-pathological features.Methods: Frozen sections and Immunohistochemistry (IHC) were used to detect FOXP3~+ Treg in flesh specimen collected from 42 patients with colorectal carcinoma.The number of FOXP3~+ Treg was evaluated in terms of its association with clinico-pathological feature in tumor and peri-cancer tissue.Double staining was performed to determine the expression of ICOS and FOXP~3.Results:The number of FOXP3~+ Treg in the colorectal carcinoma (mean 24.1) was significantly higher than that in peri-cancer tissue (mean 0.7).A higher number of tumor infiltrating FOXP3~+ Tregs was found in the patient groups with poor differentiation,lymphatic metastasis and non-distant metastasis as compared to the patient groups with well differentiation,non-lymphatic metastasis and distant metastasis.The percentage of FOXP3~+ ICOS~+ Treg was higher in colorectal carcinoma(81% ) than that in peri-cancer tissue(10% ).Condusion: Increased FOXP3~+ Treg may influence the occurrence and development of colorectal carcinoma.Our data support the hypothesis that tumor infiltrating FOXP3~+ Tregs attenuate the immune response against cancer and suggest that strategy to overcome FOXP3~+ Treg function may be beneficial in the treatment of human colorectal cancer.