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目的探讨早期微量喂养及非营养性吸吮对早产儿喂养不耐受的的疗效及作用机制。方法将53例喂养不耐受的早产儿随机分为治疗组25例,给予早期微量喂养及非营养性吸吮;对照组28例,给予常规喂养。结果治疗组患儿在恢复至出生体质量时间、达全量肠内营养时间均较对照组短,而血总胆红素水平较对照组低,差异均有统计学意义。治疗组无一例出现腹胀、呕吐,无吸入性肺炎发生。对照组患儿发生呛奶2例,呕吐咖啡色样物1例,腹胀4例。结论微量喂养及非营养性吸吮可促进早产儿胃肠道发育成熟,可激活肠道酶系统,提高肠道防御机制,减少胃肠道不耐受,缩短全胃肠道足量喂养时间,并且可降低胆红素水平,改善营养状况。
Objective To investigate the effect and mechanism of early micronutrient and non-nutritive sucking on intolerance in preterm infants. Methods 53 cases of intolerant preterm infants were randomly divided into treatment group (n = 25) and early micronutrient and non-nutritional sucking. In the control group, 28 cases were given normal feeding. Results The recovery time to birth weight of children in the treatment group was shorter than that in the control group, and the total serum bilirubin level was lower than that in the control group. The difference was statistically significant. No case of treatment group, abdominal distension, vomiting, non-aspiration pneumonia. Control group children choking occurred in 2 cases, 1 case of vomiting brown samples, abdominal distension in 4 cases. Conclusion Both micronutrient and non-nutritive sucking can promote the development of the gastrointestinal tract in premature infants, activate the intestinal enzyme system, improve the intestinal defense mechanism, reduce the gastrointestinal intolerance and shorten the full gastrointestinal tract feeding time, and Can reduce the level of bilirubin, improve nutritional status.