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肝细胞极化的形成和维持是肝细胞发挥正常功能的保证。与简单极化上皮细胞不同,肝细胞在肝脏血管与胆小管间形成多个极化膜面,并由紧密连接分隔。极化肝细胞膜及细胞内骨架结构与功能复杂并有序,其分子组成及物质转运机制近年来已被逐渐认识。由于肝细胞极化与肝脏生理功能及多种肝脏疾病时的病理改变有着密切关系,该文就目前肝细胞极化分子和细胞水平研究现状进行综述,并探讨此领域研究发展方向。
The formation and maintenance of hepatocyte polarization is the guarantee of normal function of hepatocytes. Unlike simple polarized epithelial cells, hepatocytes form multiple polarized membrane surfaces between the blood vessels of the liver and the bile ducts and are separated by tight junctions. Polarized hepatocyte membranes and intracellular skeleton structure and function of complex and orderly, its molecular composition and material transport mechanisms have been gradually recognized in recent years. Due to the close relationship between hepatocyte polarization and liver physiological function and pathological changes in a variety of liver diseases, this review summarizes current research status of hepatocyte polarization molecule and cell level and explores the research direction in this field.