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目的:探讨改良Baux评分、比利时烧伤预后评分、Ryan评分对严重烧伤患者死亡风险的预测价值，并进行对比研究。方法:采用回顾性病例系列研究方法。2018年2月—2019年11月，南昌大学第一附属医院烧伤科收治260例符合入选标准的严重烧伤患者，其中男158例、女102例，年龄36（3，53）岁。根据最终结局，将患者分为存活组（229例）和死亡组（31例），比较2组患者入院时性别、年龄、烧伤原因、烧伤部位、烧伤总面积、烧伤深度、合并吸入性损伤情况、合并基础疾病情况，以及根据前述部分资料计算的改良Baux评分、比利时烧伤预后评分、Ryan评分，对数据进行n χ2检验或Mann-Whitneyn U检验。采用Kendall tau-b系数法对260例严重烧伤患者前述3种评分结果进行一致性分析。分别绘制前述3种评分预测260例严重烧伤患者死亡风险的受试者操作特征曲线（ROC），计算曲线下面积（AUC）及最佳阈值与最佳阈值下的敏感度、特异度。采用Delong检验对前述3种评分AUC的质量进行比较。n 结果:2组患者性别、烧伤部位、烧伤深度均相近（n P>0.05）；死亡组患者年龄、烧伤总面积、火焰烧伤比例、合并吸入性损伤比例、合并基础疾病比例均明显大于存活组（n Z值分别为5.53、7.18，n χ2值分别为16.23、15.89、17.78，n P<0.01）；死亡组患者改良Baux评分、比利时烧伤预后评分、Ryan评分分别为142（115，155）、7（5，7）、2（2，3）分，均明显高于存活组的64（27，87）、1（0，3）、0（0，1）分（n Z值分别为7.91、7.64、7.61，n P<0.01）。在260例严重烧伤患者中，改良Baux评分与Ryan评分、改良Baux评分与比利时烧伤预后评分、Ryan评分与比利时烧伤预后评分结果均具有显著一致性（Kendall tau-b系数分别为0.75、0.71、0.86，n P<0.01）。改良Baux评分、比利时烧伤预后评分、Ryan评分对260例严重烧伤患者死亡风险预测的ROC的AUC分别为0.92、0.89、0.85（95%置信区间分别为0.86~0.98、0.83~0.95、0.78~0.93，n P0.05），均明显优于Ryan评分（n z值分别为2.35、2.11，n P0.05). The age, total burn area, proportion of flame burn, proportion of combined inhalation injury, and proportion of combined underlying diseases of patients in death group were significantly higher than those in survival group (withn Z values of 5.53 and 17.78, respectively, n χ2 values of 16.23, 15.89, and 17.78, respectively, n P<0.01); the modified Baux score, Belgian Outcome in Burn Injury score, and Ryan score of patients in death group were 142 (115, 155), 7 (5, 7), 2 (2, 3), all significantly higher than 64 (27, 87), 1 (0, 3), 0 (0, 1) in survival group (withn Z values of 7.91, 7.64, and 7.61, respectively, n P<0.01). In 260 severe burn patients, the results between the modified Baux score and Ryan score, modified Baux score and Belgian Outcome in Burn Injury score, Ryan score and Belgian Outcome in Burn Injury score were significantly consistent (with Kendall tau-b coefficients of 0.75, 0.71, and 0.86, respectively,n P<0.01). The AUCs of ROC curves of the modified Baux score, Belgian Outcome in Burn Injury score, and Ryan score for predicting the death risk of 260 severe burn patients were 0.92, 0.89, and 0.85, respectively (with 95% confidence intervals of 0.86-0.98, 0.83-0.95, and 0.78-0.93, respectively,n P0.05), which were both significantly better than the AUC quality of Ryan score (withn z values of 2.35 and 2.11, respectively, n P<0.05).n Conclusions:The modified Baux score, Belgian Outcome in Burn Injury score, and Ryan score have good ability in predicting the death risk of severe burn patients. From the perspective of clinical practice, the modified Baux score is more suitable as a predictive tool for the prognosis of severe burn patients.