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目的:研究栀子提取物对高脂诱导胰岛素抵抗-脂肪肝大鼠血糖、血脂、胰岛素抵抗及肝功能和肝细胞肪变性病理改变的作用。方法:用高脂、高糖饲料喂养大鼠,饲养56d,第57天测定大鼠空腹血糖(FBG)和口服耐量试验2h血糖(OGTT-2hBG),并依血糖和体质量将大鼠均衡随机分为脂肪肝模型对照组,水飞蓟宾组:0.154g.kg-1,栀子高剂量组:3.6g.kg-1,栀子低剂量组:1.8g.kg-1;连续灌胃给药28d后,测定大鼠FBG,OGTT-2hBG和血清胰岛素(Fins)水平,并计算胰岛素抵抗指数(HOMA-IRI)和胰岛素敏感指数(ISI);测定血浆三酰甘油(TC)、总胆固醇(TG)、低密度脂蛋白(LDL-C)、高密度脂蛋白(HDL-C)、游离脂肪酸(FFA)水平;测定天门冬氨氨基转移酶(AST)、丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)、胆碱脂酶(ChE)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、一氧化氮合酶(NOS)活性以及丙二醛(MDA)和一氧化氮(NO)含量等的变化,并评估肝组织脂肪变性。结果:与正常大鼠比较,模型组大鼠胰岛素含量和IRI明显升高(P<0.01),而ISI降低(P<0.01),水飞蓟宾及栀子3.6g.kg-1和1.8g.kg-1均有降低FBG和OGTT-2h BG含量的趋势,但差异无显著性(P>0.05);FFA,TG,TC和LDL-C水平升高(P<0.01),HDL-C水平降低(P<0.05);NO含量及NOS和SOD活性降低(P<0.01),MDA含量升高(P<0.01);AST,ALT和ChE活性增高(P<0.05,P<0.01);肝脏脂肪变性明显增强(P<0.01)。栀子提取物和水飞蓟宾均能不同程度地拮抗大鼠的高胰岛素血症和胰岛素抵抗(P<0.05,P<0.01);降低FFA,TG,TC和LDL-C水平以及提高HDL-C含量(P<0.05,P<0.01);降低AST,ALT和ChE活性P<0.05,P<0.01);提高SOD和NOS活性(P<0.01),并降低MDA含量(P<0.05);但栀子1.8g.kg-1作用不明显(P>0.05)。结论:栀子提取物对胰岛素抵抗-脂肪肝具有降血脂和保肝作用,其作用机制可能与其提高胰岛素敏感性、降低血脂以及增强抗氧化能力有关。
Objective: To study the effect of gardenia extract on the hyperglycemia induced insulin resistance - fatty liver rats blood glucose, blood lipids, insulin resistance and liver function and hepatocellular degeneration pathological changes. Methods: Rats were fed with high-fat and high-sugar diet for 56 days. The fasting blood glucose (FBG) and oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT-2hBG) of rats were measured on the 57th day and the rats were equally randomized according to their blood glucose and body weight Divided into fatty liver model control group, silybin group: 0.154g.kg-1, Gardenia high-dose group: 3.6g.kg-1, Gardenia low-dose group: 1.8g.kg-1; The levels of FBG, OGTT-2hBG and Fins in rats were measured 28 days after administration, and the insulin resistance index (HOMA-IRI) and insulin sensitivity index (ISI) were calculated. The levels of triglyceride (TC), total cholesterol (TG), low density lipoprotein (LDL-C), high density lipoprotein (HDL-C) and free fatty acid (FFA) were measured. The levels of AST, ALT ChE, SOD, NOS activity, MDA and NO content were measured and the changes of liver Tissue steatosis. Results: Compared with normal rats, the content of insulin and IRI in model group were significantly increased (P <0.01), while ISI was lower (P <0.01), silybin and gardenia 3.6g.kg-1 and 1.8g (P <0.05); the levels of FFA, TG, TC and LDL-C increased (P <0.01); the level of HDL-C (P <0.05). The content of NO and the activity of NOS and SOD decreased (P <0.01), the content of MDA increased (P <0.01), the activity of AST, ALT and ChE increased (P < Degeneration was significantly enhanced (P <0.01). Both gardenia extract and silybin could antagonize hyperinsulinemia and insulin resistance in rats to varying degrees (P <0.05, P <0.01), reduce the levels of FFA, TG, TC and LDL-C and increase HDL- C content (P <0.05, P <0.01), decreasing the activities of AST, ALT and ChE (P <0.05, P <0.01); increasing the activity of SOD and NOS (P <0.01); Gardenia 1.8g.kg-1 effect is not obvious (P> 0.05). Conclusion: Fructus Gardeniae extract has the effects on lowering blood fat and protecting liver of insulin resistance - fatty liver. Its mechanism may be related to improving insulin sensitivity, lowering blood lipid and enhancing anti - oxidation ability.