一、目的培养儿童集体主义精神,是“五爱”公德教育的一项重要内容。在小学阶段,加强集体主义思想品德教育的主要任务是:教育儿童主动地为集体做好事,执行集体委托的任务;培养儿童关心集体。树立集体责任感和荣誉感;教育儿童维护集体利益,不做损害集体利益的行为。在儿童道德发展研究文献中,有关探讨儿童道德判断发展方面的研究,都未涉及儿童关于为集体与为个人的动机的道德判断问题。我们这个研究,就是试图查明小学儿童集体意识发生发展的特点和规律,考察他们在执行集体委托、关心集体荣誉和维护集体利益几方面集体 First, the purpose of cultivating children’s collectivism is an important part of “Five Loves” moral education. In primary school, the main tasks of strengthening the education of collectivist ideology and morality are as follows: educating children to do something for the collective on their own initiative, carrying out the task entrusted by the collective, and cultivating children’s interest in the collective. Establish a sense of collective responsibility and honor; educate children to safeguard collective interests and not to undermine collective interests. In the research literature on children’s moral development, none of the studies on the development of children’s moral judgments have touched on children’s moral judgments about collective and individual motives. Our study is to try to find out the characteristics and laws of the development and development of the collective consciousness of primary school children and to examine how they collectively exercise their collective trust, their collective honor and their collective interests