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当前MTI研究生培养存在实践性不强和与市场脱节的问题,借鉴美国夏威夷大学应用翻译课的教学模式和社会建构主义教学思想,本文提出了利用普通课堂培养面向市场的职业译员的途径。该课堂贯穿两大原则:真实的职业化实践活动与学生全方位参与的学习环境。前者要求教师构建真实的翻译职场环境:不同难度的真实翻译文本、没有参考答案和老师提示、重视计算机技术的翻译过程、严格的格式要求以及市场形成的翻译标准。后者规定课堂组织形式以学习者为中心,所需知识和能力的构建主要通过学生自身反复修改、讨论和合作实现。通过分析夏威夷大学应用翻译课堂的具体实例,可以发现:与传统课堂相比,该课堂的所有参与者互动更加充分,能更全面地培养学生的译者能力和职业自信,在教学材料、教学内容、教学方法、作业反馈等诸方面都可为我国MTI课堂教学提供可操作的借鉴。
At present, there is a problem that the MTI graduate education is not practical and out of touch with the market. Drawing on the teaching mode and social constructivism teaching thought of the Applied Translation Courses in the University of Hawaii, this paper proposes ways to train the professional translators in the market. The class runs through two principles: real professional practice and a full-fledged learning environment for students. The former requires teachers to construct a true translation workplace environment: real translation texts with different difficulty levels, no reference answers and teacher prompts, emphasizing the translation process of computer technology, strict format requirements and the market translation standards. The latter stipulates that the form of classroom organization is centered on learners, and the construction of required knowledge and abilities is mainly realized through repeated modification, discussion and cooperation by students themselves. Through analyzing the practical examples of the applied translation class at the University of Hawaii, it can be found that all the participants in this class are more interactive than the traditional class and can more fully develop the students’ translator’s ability and professional self-confidence. In the teaching materials and teaching contents , Teaching methods, homework feedback and so on, all of which can provide an operable reference for China’s MTI classroom teaching.