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当今航空业和民用飞机中使用的高新技术越来越多。为了提高客机的远距离飞行和载客量,航空发动机性能不断提高,发动机产品不断升级换代,原理和结构也变的更加复杂,这些都为航空发动机的维护和故障的排除带来更大的挑战。本文主要以民航燃气涡轮发动机为例,对民用航空燃气涡轮发动机的工作原理、基本结构以及相互之间的气压流动和平衡进行了讨论。接着笔者通过调研文献和查阅书籍,对基于CFM56-5B系列发动机的飞机发生渗漏典型故障时的特征进行了了解,如发生燃油渗漏的主要原因包括由于气温的变化、部件的磨损和航线机务维护不当等原因。分析了如何快速准确诊断出发生故障的零件。最后讨论了发生某种故障时的应急措施和针对该系列发动机燃油系统的预防措施。
There are more and more high technologies used in the aviation industry and civil aircraft today. In order to improve the long-distance flight and passenger capacity of passenger aircraft, the performance of aeroengines is continuously improved, the engine products are constantly upgraded, the principle and structure are also more complicated, which brings greater challenges to the maintenance and troubleshooting of aeroengines . This paper takes Civil Aviation Gas Turbine Engine as an example to discuss the working principle and basic structure of civil aviation gas turbine engine and the pressure flow and balance between them. Then the author through the research literature and access to books on the CFM56-5B series engine based on the typical characteristics of the leakage occurred when the aircraft leak, such as the occurrence of fuel leakage, including due to changes in temperature, parts wear and route maintenance Improper maintenance and other reasons. Analyzed how to quickly and accurately diagnose the faulty parts. Finally, the emergency measures in the case of certain faults and the precautions against the series of engine fuel systems are discussed.