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在世界范围内,正进一步全面实现用节能的机车来代替经济性低的蒸气机车,从而导致广泛使用电力和内燃牵引。从对全世界这两种牵引方式的现状分析可知,目前,全世界的铁路管理局中约有一半这两种牵引方式均采用,而其余50％的铁路局只采用内燃牵引。属于第一种情况的首先是欧州各国的铁路管理局,以及亚州工业发达国家的铁路局。在美州和非州,内燃牵引占统治地位。而在世界范围内,特别是在欧州,铁路进一步电气化的趋势是显而易见的。今后几十年内,内燃牵引的应用仍将保留足够的比例,主要是在调车作业和近郊铁路运输,以及工厂和专用线上使用。在主要的铁路作业中,内燃牵引还将占很大的比例。由此可知:内燃机车的设计师、用户和维修者们在同一领域内,需要寻找一种途径,以使这些机车有尽可能高的运用经济性,首先是节约能源。为此,一个有效的措施就是采用技术诊断。
Around the world, the replacement of low-cost steam locomotives with energy-efficient locomotives is further and more fully achieved, resulting in widespread use of electric power and internal combustion traction. Judging from the current status quo of the two types of traction around the world, about half of the world’s railway administrations now use both traction methods, while the remaining 50% use only internal combustion traction. Belonging to the first case are first the railway administrations of the European states and the railway administrations of the industrialized countries of Asia. In the states and non-states, internal combustion traction dominates. In the world, especially in Europe, the trend of further electrification of the railway is obvious. In the next few decades, the use of internal combustion traction will still retain a sufficient proportion, mainly in shunting operations and suburban rail transport, as well as the use of factories and special lines. In the main railway operations, internal combustion traction will also account for a large proportion. It can be seen from this that designers, users and maintenance personnel of diesel locomotives need to find a way in the same area to make the locomotives as economical as possible and above all save energy. To this end, an effective measure is to use technical diagnosis.