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目的了解单纯性肥胖青少年营养知识、态度与饮食行为状况,为肥胖儿童营养教育提供依据。方法单纯性肥胖青少年240例,选择同期180例正常青少年作为对照组,采用KAB问卷方式进行营养知识、态度和饮食行为调查。结果肥胖青少年营养知识平均得分为(10.29±2.89)分(满分34分),态度平均得分为(8.11±1.82)分(满分17分),行为平均得分为(6.14±1.68)分(满分15分);对照组青少年营养知识平均得分为(11.85±3.48)分,态度平均得分为(12.39±3.24)分,行为平均得分为(10.21±2.84)分。两组态度和行为得分差异均有统计学意义(P均<0.01)。肥胖青少年营养知识的来源由高到低依次为社会、家庭和学校,对照组则为学校、社会、家庭,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。2组青少年食用零食情况差异亦有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论对肥胖青少年进行营养教育、提高营养知识水平、纠正不正确的态度,已刻不容缓。
Objective To understand nutritional knowledge, attitude and dietary behavior of adolescent obese adults and provide basis for nutrition education for obese children. Methods A total of 240 obese adolescents were enrolled in this study. One hundred and eighty normal adolescents were selected as control group. KAB questionnaire was used to investigate nutrition knowledge, attitude and dietary behaviors. Results The mean score of nutritional knowledge of obese adolescents was (10.29 ± 2.89) points (out of 34), the average attitude was (8.11 ± 1.82) points (out of 17 points), and the mean behavior score was (6.14 ± 1.68) points ). The average score of nutritional knowledge of adolescents in the control group was (11.85 ± 3.48) points, the average attitude was (12.39 ± 3.24) points and the average behavior score was (10.21 ± 2.84) points. There were significant differences in attitude and behavior scores between the two groups (all P <0.01). The sources of nutritional knowledge of obese adolescents were social, family and school from high to low, while the control group was school, social and family, with significant difference (P <0.05). There was also a statistically significant difference in eating snacks between the two groups (P <0.01). Conclusions Nutritional education for obese adolescents, raising the level of nutritional knowledge and correcting incorrect attitudes have become urgent.