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食品安全民事责任中,如果缺陷食品造成消费者人身、财产损失,就会发生违约责任和侵权责任的竞合,根据我国《合同法》122条的规定,受损害方有权择一行使请求权,然而在食品安全民事诉讼中,大量的消费者选择提起的都为侵权之诉,因侵权之诉取得的实际赔偿效果更为显著。因此本文将从现行法律体系中食品安全法律制度状况出发,围绕侵权之诉展开,具体讨论其归责原则、责任主体、赔偿原则、免责事由等,并将对食品安全相关制度的构建提出建议。
In the civil liability of food safety, if the defective food causes the loss of personal and property to the consumer, there will be a coincidence of liability for breach of contract and tort liability. According to Article 122 of the Contract Law of China, the injured party has the right to choose one to exercise the right of claim However, in the civil litigation of food safety, a large number of consumers choose to bring all the complaints of infringement, and the actual compensation for infringement claims is more significant. Therefore, based on the legal system of food safety in the current legal system, the paper discusses the principle of liability, the main body of liability, the principle of compensation, the reasons for exemption and so on, and puts forward suggestions on the construction of food safety related system.