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目的了解青海省三江源地区牧区群众的高危行为习惯与布鲁杆菌病的关系,为进一步制定预防和干预措施提供科学依据。方法对三江源地区的9县1镇141例布鲁杆菌病患者开展1∶4配对病例对照研究,通过调查问卷收集布鲁杆菌病发病危险因素,采用1∶4条件Logistic回归分析布鲁杆菌病发病的危险因素,使用SPSS 17.0对数据进行统计分析。结果共纳入141例布鲁杆菌病患者及564例健康对照者,三江源地区与布鲁杆菌病有关高危行为习惯有食用半熟肉、人畜共用生活用品、饮用生奶、不定期清理生活环境、手部有创伤、人畜混居、个人防护、个人消毒、布病防护知识。对于流产物和死畜的处理多数人选择丢掉和卖掉,而病畜是以卖掉的方式处理居多。单因素Logistic分析得出3个可疑危险因素:人畜混居、个人防护、食用半熟肉,χ2分析后发现只有人畜混居因素不同性别组的构成无统计学意义;其他因素在不同性别组、不同年龄组、不同民族组、不同职业组的构成均有统计学意义。多因素Logistic分析结果显示出3个可疑因素与人患布鲁杆菌病有直接的关系。结论三江源地区布鲁杆菌病防治知识的了解率较低,有待提高,牧区群众从事高危行为时较少采取防护措施;生活中仍存在着较高比例的高危行为,需要加强布鲁杆菌病健康知识宣传及行为干预。
Objective To understand the relationship between high-risk behaviors and brucellosis among pastoral areas in the Three River Source Region of Qinghai Province and provide a scientific basis for further prevention and intervention measures. Methods A case-control study of 141 cases of brucellosis in 9 counties and 1 town of the Three Rivers in China was carried out. A questionnaire was used to collect the risk factors of brucellosis. Brucellosis The incidence of risk factors, using SPSS 17.0 statistical analysis of the data. Results A total of 141 cases of brucellosis and 564 healthy controls were enrolled in this study. High-risk behaviors associated with brucellosis in the Three River Source Region include half-cooked meat, common household products for human and animals, raw milk for drinking, raw cleaning of the living environment from time to time, Department trauma, mixed living, personal protection, personal disinfection, cloth disease protection knowledge. Most people choose to dispose of and deal with the loss of live-stream products and dead animals, while sick animals are mostly disposed of by sale. Logistic analysis showed that there were three suspicious risk factors: mixed livestock and poultry, personal protection, half-cooked meat consumption, χ2 analysis showed that there were no significant differences in the composition of different gender groups between the two groups; other factors were different in different sex groups Age group, different ethnic groups, different occupational groups were statistically significant. Multivariate logistic analysis showed that 3 suspicious factors were directly related to brucellosis. Conclusion The understanding rate of brucellosis prevention and control knowledge in the Three River Source Region is relatively low and needs to be improved. People in pastoral areas seldom take protective measures when they engage in high-risk behaviors. There is still a high proportion of high-risk behaviors in life and the need to strengthen brucellosis health Knowledge promotion and behavior intervention.