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目的分析经广州空港口岸入境的非洲直航航班输入性病例重点航班、重点来源地、重点人群等流行病学要素,研究其罹患因素,探讨如何完善防控措施。方法对2010—2014年期间非洲直航航班输入性病例流行病学要素进行统计学分析。结果 2010—2014年,广州空港口岸在非洲直航航班入境人员中共检出121例输入性病例,其中蚊媒传染病病例94例;病例来华前主要生活在尼日利亚、加纳、肯尼亚等国家;ET606航班共输入68例输入性病例,为携带病例最多的航班;中国籍赴非劳务人员和境外来华商务人士为主要的职业构成;病例以20~49岁之间的男性青壮年为主;主要罹患因素包括广泛存在的传染病疫情、恶劣的环境、蚊虫叮咬、患者缺乏自我防护常识等。结论非洲地区高发的传染病疫情尤其是蚊媒传染病疫情通过非洲直航航班进入我国并导致本地传播暴发的威胁巨大。检验检疫、卫生、劳务等部门应通力合作,采取积极主动的境外干预、口岸控制和境内监管措施,以达到保护人民身体健康、阻断疫情跨境传播的目标。
Objective To analyze the epidemiological elements of imported critical flights, key sources and key populations of African direct flights entering Guangzhou via Guangzhou Airport Port, study the factors that affect them, and discuss how to improve the prevention and control measures. Methods Statistical analysis was conducted on the epidemiological features of imported cases of direct flights to Africa during 2010-2014. Results A total of 121 cases of imported cases were detected in the Guangzhou Airport Port non-stop flights from China in 2010-2014, of which 94 cases were mosquito-borne infectious diseases. The cases mainly lived in countries such as Nigeria, Ghana and Kenya before entering China. ET606 A total of 68 cases of imported cases were imported for the flights with the largest number of cases; Chinese are mainly non-working people and overseas Chinese businesspeople; the cases are mainly male and young adults between the ages of 20 and 49; Factors include the widespread epidemic of infectious diseases, harsh environment, mosquito bites, lack of self-protection of patients common sense. Conclusions The high incidence of communicable diseases in Africa, especially the outbreak of mosquito-borne infectious diseases, has reached into my country via direct flights to Africa and caused a tremendous threat to the spread of the disease locally. Inspection and quarantine, health and labor departments should work together to take proactive measures such as foreign intervention, port control and domestic regulatory measures to protect people’s health and prevent the spread of the epidemic across borders.