应用主成分、遗传距离和聚类的方法对滇型杂交粳稻恢复系、保持系数量性状的遗传差异作了初步研究。结果表明恢保间的遗传差异不大;但不同恢保组配间的遗传距离有很大的不同。非经济性状对供试材料间数量性状的遗传差异贡献较大,经济性状的贡献较小。模糊聚类的结果与多元分析的结果大同小异。文章对今后选育恢复系的工作提出了参考性建议。 Principal components, genetic distance and clustering methods were used to study the genetic differences of the quantitative traits in restore lines and maintainer lines of Dian type japonica hybrid rice. The results showed that there was not much genetic difference between restorer and maintainer, but the genetic distance between different restorers was very different. The non-economic traits contributed a lot to the genetic differences of quantitative traits among the tested materials, and the contribution of economic traits was small. Fuzzy clustering results and multivariate analysis of the results are similar. The article puts forward some suggestions for the future work of Breeding and Rehabilitation Department.