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目的了解北京局部农村老年糖尿病合并高血压患者心脑血管危险因素和心脑肾并发症发生的情况。方法对北京市大兴区长子营地区60岁以上老年人进行问卷调查和查体,确诊糖尿病+高血压(T2DM+HP组)573例,单纯糖尿病(T2DM组)139例,同时选取正常查体者674例为对照组。通过问卷调查获得高血压、糖尿病和心脑肾并发症等情况,通过体格检查和实验室检查获得体质指数、血压、血糖、总胆固醇(TC)、三酰甘油(TG)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)、血尿酸(UA)、血肌酐(Cr)等数据。结果与对照组比较,T2DM+HP组血压、血糖、TC、TG、LDL-C、UA、Cr、体质指数、白细胞计数、血小板计数升高,HDL-C,差异有统计学意义(P均<0.05)。与对照组相比,T2DM+HP组高TC、高TG、低HDL-C、高LDL-C、高UA、高Cr暴露水平是其1.737、3.851、2.498、1.868、2.466、2.546倍,同时肥胖率也明显升高,是对照组的3.426倍。与对照组和T2DM组比较,T2DM+HP组合并心、脑、肾脏疾病比例均升高,差异有统计学意义(P均<0.05)。结论老年糖尿病合并高血压患者合并心脑血管危险因素比例增加,暴露水平升高,心脑肾并发症比例增加。
Objective To understand the cardiovascular and cerebrovascular risk factors and the occurrence of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular complications in elderly patients with diabetes mellitus and hypertension in some rural areas of Beijing. Methods A total of 573 elderly patients over 60 years old in Changziying district, Daxing district, Beijing were investigated by questionnaire and 139 cases of diabetes mellitus and hypertension (T2DM + HP group) and 139 cases of simple diabetes mellitus (T2DM group) 674 cases as control group. Obtained hypertension, diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular and cerebrovascular complications through questionnaire survey, body mass index, blood pressure, blood glucose, total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), serum uric acid (UA), serum creatinine (Cr) Results Compared with the control group, the blood pressure, blood glucose, TC, TG, LDL-C, UA, Cr, body mass index, white blood cell count and platelet count increased and HDL-C in T2DM + HP group were significantly different (P < 0.05). Compared with the control group, the levels of high TC, high TG, low HDL-C, high LDL-C, high UA and high Cr in T2DM + HP group were 1.737, 3.851, 2.498, The rate was also significantly increased, 3.426 times that of the control group. Compared with control group and T2DM group, T2DM + HP group had higher proportion of heart, brain and kidney disease, the difference was statistically significant (all P <0.05). Conclusion The proportion of risk factors associated with cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases in elderly patients with diabetes mellitus is increased, the exposure level is increased, and the proportion of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular complications is increased.