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本文梳理了澳大利亚自传发展史上的三大阶段。第一阶段,是早期到达新大陆的欧洲人写的日记、书信、回忆录等自传性作品。第二阶段,是1901年澳大利亚独立后,受到民族主义思潮影响的自传,其突出特点在于自传中的自我定位,很大程度上取决于民族身份的定位。第三阶段兴起于20世纪60年代,至80年代澳洲正式进入多元时代后兴盛起来。其特点是自传作者开始更多地关注自传中身份和真实的不确定性。
This article combs the three major stages in the history of autobiography in Australia. The first stage is a diary, letter, memoir and other autobiographical works written by Europeans who arrived in the New World earlier. The second phase is the autobiography influenced by the nationalist ideological trend after the independence of Australia in 1901. The outstanding feature of the second phase is the self-localization in autobiography, which largely depends on the positioning of national identity. The third phase rose in the 1960s and flourished after Australia formally entered the pluralistic era in the 1980s. Its characteristic is the author of autobiography began to pay more attention to the autobiographical identity and true uncertainty.