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在新《环境保护法》出台之前,学术界对于环境公益诉讼原告主体资格的讨论异常活跃,很大原因在于《民事诉讼法》第五十五条在引入环境公益诉讼时所作的规定较为笼统模糊,法条原文为“对污染环境,侵害众多消费者合法权益等损害社会公共利益的行为,法律规定的机关和有关组织可以向人民法院提起诉讼”。众多学者围绕“法律规定的机关”与“有关组织”对检察机关、环保行政机关、社会组织与个人等四个主体能否作为原告展开激烈讨论。2015年1月1日生效的《环境保护法》明文规定只有符合一定条件的社会组织可以作为法定的环境公益诉讼原告。然而,社会组织作为独树一帜的法定的环境公益诉讼的原告,并不是最完美的状态,理论上扩大环境公益诉讼原告主体的范围完全可行。
Before the promulgation of the new Environmental Protection Law, there was a great deal of academic debate about the qualifications of plaintiffs in environmental public interest litigation. The reason for this is that the provisions in Article 55 of the Civil Procedure Law were generally vague when they were introduced into environmental public interest litigation , The original text of the law is “acts that pollute the environment and infringe upon the legitimate rights and interests of many consumers and so on, thereby damaging social and public interests. The organs and relevant organizations prescribed by law may institute legal proceedings in the people’s courts.” Many scholars focus their discussions on whether the four main bodies of procuratorial organs, environmental protection administrative organs, social organizations and individuals, as the plaintiffs, can focus on “the organs prescribed by law” and the “relevant organizations”. The Environmental Protection Law, effective January 1, 2015, stipulates that only social organizations meeting certain conditions may act as legal plaintiffs for environmental public interest litigation. However, as the plaintiff of the unique legal environmental public interest litigation, the social organization is not the perfect one. Theoretically, it is totally feasible to expand the scope of the plaintiff of environmental public interest litigation.