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目的描述大学生自杀意念的流行病学特征,初步分析自杀意念的影响因素。方法整群随机抽取2所高校,采用问卷法调查大学生867名。结果①大学生自杀意念的流行率为12.9%;②女生(χ2=16.267,P<0.01)、新生和毕业生(χ2=23.670,P<0.001)、医科生(χ2=25.050,P<0.001)、独生子女(χ2=4.988,P<0.05)、单亲家庭(χ2=205.883,P<0.001)及农村学生(χ2=21.609,P<0.001)自杀意念流行率较高,并存在显著性差异;③经过Log istic回归分析,结果表明性别、年级、专业、生源地及家庭结构对自杀意念的产生有重要影响。结论加强新生入学教育和毕业生教育,重点关注女生、医科生、单亲家庭及农村学生,多渠道的心理疏导及良好的家庭和校园环境有利于减少大学生自杀意念。
Objective To describe the epidemiological characteristics of college students’ suicidal ideation and to analyze the influential factors of suicidal ideation. Methods A total of 2 universities were randomly selected in the cluster and 867 undergraduates were investigated by questionnaire. Results ① The prevalence of suicidal ideation among college students was 12.9%. ② The prevalence of suicidal ideation among college students was significantly higher than that of freshmen and graduates (χ2 = 23.670, P <0.001), and that of medical students (χ2 = 25.050, P <0.001) The prevalence of suicide ideation among single children (χ2 = 4.988, P <0.05), single parent family (χ2 = 205.883, P <0.001) and rural students (χ2 = 21.609, Log istic regression analysis showed that gender, grade, major, source and family structure have an important impact on suicidal ideation. Conclusion Strengthening the education of freshmen and graduates, focusing on female students, medical students, single-parent families and rural students, multi-channel psychological counseling and good family and campus environment are conducive to reducing the suicidal ideation of college students.